Drug Ruling Worries Some in Public Housing

NY Times, March 28, 2002

By EVELYN NIEVES

OAKLAND, Calif., March 27 - Herman Walker is getting too

old for all this worry. His feet ache from 79 years of wear

and tear; lingering complications from a stroke five years

ago have him in and out of his doctor's office; and he is

bone-tired. The last thing he needs to fret about is

getting kicked out of his apartment and ending up on the

street.

    "I didn't do anything wrong," Mr. Walker said in a wavering

voice after he was reached by phone at the one-bedroom

apartment he has called home for more than 10 years.

      Indeed, no one at the Oakland Housing Authority has said

Mr. Walker has done anything but behave like an upstanding

citizen. But minding his own business, keeping his

apartment in order and doing right by the neighbors may not

be enough to keep him in public housing.

      On Tuesday, Mr. Walker became a marked man. When the United

States Supreme Court upheld a federal law that permits the

eviction of public housing tenants if a family member who

lived in their unit, or a guest, was arrested on drug

charges, the justices, in effect, said Oakland could evict

Mr. Walker and three other elderly residents for drug use

they did not know about.

      The 8-to-0 decision on Tuesday overturned a ruling by the

United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit that

innocent tenants could not be evicted. Justice Stephen G.

Breyer did not take part in the decision because of a

conflict of interest.

      Public housing residents and tenant rights advocates here

and throughout the country say the decision is a harsh

punishment for poor and elderly residents.

      "What the decision said is if you have a guest and they

leave and walk across the street and commit a crime, you

can be evicted," said Anne Omura, executive director of the

Oakland Eviction Defense Center, which had sued the

authority on behalf of the four elderly tenants.

      Mr. Walker, who received an eviction notice because Housing

Authority officials found that his full-time caretaker had

hidden crack pipes in his apartment, has other options

before he can be evicted from his apartment in a building

in downtown Oakland. He is partly paralyzed, and the

Eviction Defense Center has filed a lawsuit on his behalf

under the federal Americans with Disabilities Act, as well

as a state lawsuit that also challenges the Housing

Authority's decision to evict him.

      But Mr. Walker, who spent part of Tuesday in the hospital

and was fielding requests for comment from reporters most

of the day, is not resting easy.

      "I don't want to leave," he said.

     Residents of public housing and their advocates say they are worried

because the elderly residents affected by the ruling are stark

examples of how the rules adopted by the Department of

Housing and Urban Development in 1991 can have the

unintended consequence of punishing the innocent. Pearlie

Rucker, 63, who challenged the Housing Authority in 1996,

faced eviction because her mentally disabled daughter was

arrested on charges of possessing cocaine three blocks from

their home. Her case was dropped when her daughter moved

away and completed drug rehabilitation.

      The other two tenants, Willie Lee, 74, and Barbara Hill,

67, had teenage grandsons who lived in their apartments and

were arrested on charges of smoking marijuana in the

parking lot of the public housing. Both say they did not

know about the drug use outside their quiet public housing

in a middle-class neighborhood.

      Whitty Somvichian, a San Francisco lawyer who helped the

Eviction Defense Center prepare its challenge, said that

while the four elderly residents in the lawsuit were not

facing imminent eviction, public housing residents across

the country have reason to worry. As written and as upheld

by the Supreme Court, Mr. Somvichian said, the

zero-tolerance law could punish a public housing tenant for

something a relative does far from the tenant's residence.

      "Our argument has always been that if you read the statute

literally, you can evict a grandmother who lives in Oakland

if their granddaughter is smoking pot in New York," he

said.

      Lily Tony, a spokeswoman for the Housing Authority, said

that the ruling would benefit more people than it would

punish, though she conceded that it penalized people for

something they did not do. "While it may not be fair, it's

what we have to do," Ms. Tony said, adding that the Housing

Authority would announce its decision on the four residents

in a day or two.

      Ms. Omura said she and other housing advocates hoped

Congress would change the law to correct its obvious flaws.

      Representative Barbara Lee, a Democrat who represents

Oakland, today issued a statement expressing concern about

the law's broad reach and said it was especially troubling

given President Bush's elimination of a policing program

for public housing that provided programs for substance

abusers. But she stopped short of proposing to change the

law.