STUDY GUIDE – SECOND EXAM
SOCIAL INEQUALITY
Kessler – Spring 2002

The exam will be a mix of definition and short essay, similar to the first exam.  Remember that “definition” and “example” are not synonymous.  An appropriate example lends support to (but does not replace) a good definition.  Relevant examples from supplemental reading materials on the syllabus will add to the value of your essays.

Materials Covered:  Worlds Apart, pp 95-187; Black Picket Fences (all); all lecture, discussion materials, and special presentations since the first exam; the documentary “Why can’t we live together?” and the following supplemental readings: “Achieving Racial Justice…” and "Homeless Shelters, Charities Swamped…”

Preparation for essay questions

  Black Picket Fences:   Use your reading study guides.

  Worlds Apart:  

Be able to compare and contrast the experiences of immigrants of color, and Irish and New European immigrant groups.  Be able to discuss and present examples of Portes’ and Rumbuat’s four types of immigration.  Be able to discuss the analytical debate between “cultures of poverty” and “structures of poverty” as explanations for the existence of entrenched marginalized groups.  Explain what is meant by the assertion that “the acceptability of language is bound up in both ethnicity and class.”

Be able to discuss the reasons for the emergence, persistence, roles associated with, and consequences of the Good Provider and Motherhood ideals.  Did/do the ideals match reality?  Be able to explain your response.  

Be able to define and discuss ways in which prestige is conferred in U.S. society.  What are the functions of "social closure" (be able to provide examples)?  Be able to identify the principal agents of socialization and explain how they socialize us into our "expected" class positions.  What is cultural capital?  How does one acquire it?  Who gets it, who doesn't, and why?  Be able to discuss the difference between the pluralist system perspective and elitist system perspective as they relate to the distribution and concentration of political power in the United States.

  Be able to briefly define the following terms/concepts:

Black Belts

The old black elite

Ghetto entrepreneurs

The new black middle class

Code-switching

Social organization theory

Informal and formal social controls

Andrew Jackson’s Trail of Tears

The Treaty of Guadalupe (1848)

Operation Wetback

Secondary labor market

Primary labor market

Middlemen minorities

Ethnic enclaves

Blaming the victim

Goode’s “sociology of subordinates”

The glass ceiling

Differential socialization (as related to gender)

The feminization of poverty

The “second shift”

Social closure

Cultural capital

Conspicuous consumption

The “Bobo” phenomenon

C.W. Mills’ “power elite” versus the pluralism position